Unit 35 & 36: Assignment 1

Unit 35 & 36: Assignment 1

Task 1

DHCP	The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) automatically assigns a computer an IP address so that they can be logged into an IP network. The IP address is temporary and will be changed the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, however, it can be kept permanently unless another system has the same IP address.
DNS	The Domain Name System (DNS) is used to convert names into a numerical IP address. It is used to turn the URL into an IP address for that website. If you didn't have DNS the URL for your website you would have to type in four numbers and multiple dots to get to that website.
TCP/IP	The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is the most widely used communications protocol. The TCP/IP prepares and is able to forward data packets over a network, an example being an Ethernet. This is the UNIX standard, the protocol of the Internet and the global standard for local and wide area networks, the major exception being the traditional networks of the telephone companies
SNMP	A Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a widely used method to monitor networks and control protocols. It is used to process reports from both hardware and software that are sent to a workstation console that is used to oversee the network. This information is then contained by the Management Information Base (MIB) which is used to define all the obtained information.
FTP	The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is used to transfer files with an IP network. This is used so that HTML files can be uploaded to a web server and be viewed by other people on other computers.
WWW	The World Wide Web (WWW) is used as a common hostname that is used by web servers. It is a way to tell if it is a website that can be trusted, however, it is not required to have if you want to upload an HTML file to a web server.
OSI	An Open System Interconnection (OSI) is the standard communications that define the framework for implementing protocols on all seven of the layers. The control is transferred from one layer down to another layer.
Proxy Server/Proxy Address	The Proxy Server/Proxy Address also known as "proxy," it is a computer system or a router that can break the connection between both the sender and the receiver. It functions as a relay between the client and the server, the proxy servers help to prevent an attacker from invading a private network. It is one of several tools that are used to build a firewall.

Task 2

Users

Users on a website are people who use or possibly contribute on a website. There are several different types of websites that people can contribute to like Wikipedia or social media websites like Twitter or Facebook. There are different types of websites that are designed for users of varying expertise, there is the expert user who has used the website for several years on a regular basis, the occasional user who has used the website enough times to understand how it works but don't use it all that often and the novice user who is new to the website and what it can be used for.

The Special Needs are things that can be changed by users so that they are able to use the website properly. An example being the ability to change the brightness so that people who suffer from epilepsy won’t suffer from seizures when they are exposed to bright lights on the websites.

Psychological aspects of websites are how a user might positively or negatively affect a user who is using a website such as things like colours how a website is organised or the images that can have several different effects on different people dependant on them as a person. Examples being the colours that blend in together which wouldn’t be easy to read for people so websites often make backgrounds colour and the text colour that contrast with each other such as a white background and black text so the text is much easier to read. There is also the space that is used to make the website easier to read by not forcing too much information onto one page which can make the page crowded, a way this can be done is inserting an image into a page so it can be space out the page.

People can use websites for education purposes such as a teacher setting an assignment or creating a quiz for students to work on and allow the teacher to see the results and grade them.

Site Analysis

Websites are built for a purpose. There are several different purposes a website can be made to fulfil. Websites can update in real time based upon new information that has been added, news websites do this since it is important to give the users of the website the latest information that can be given. Websites such as Twitter and Facebook are used to share information about the user so that friends, family and other people can see it. Education websites are used to educate people on multiple different subjects for free such as Wikipedia there are also websites that have quizzes that are used to help people learn by testing there knowledge and giving them the correct answers back. Websites can be made to commercialise products so that they can be sold to the customers such as Amazon and Argos where you can see products and see the price of these products so that they are easy to buy, there are also websites that are used to allow regular people to sell their own things online to other an example of this is eBay. Websites made for entertainment often allow people to share content to entertain others, an example being YouTube where people can make and upload videos so that people can see them.

Search Engines are used for someone to search for something on a website, there are also websites that are dedicated to just be a search engine like Google and Bing or search engines are used on websites to help the user navigate the website like on eBay or Wikipedia. Search Engines uses keywords to search for things such as the name of product or the brand.

Accessibility

Alternative text is text that is placed over an image which can be used when an image link is unavailable or if the URL is broken or changed. If the image is gone then the alternative text is used to give a small description of the image where the image once was.

On several websites, there are ways to increase the size of fonts so that people who have bad eyesight are able to read text easier. While I do think this is useful, however, the symbol that is used to increase the size of the font is also too small so people who have bad eyesight might not be able to see it. It also isn't on many websites.

Screen Readers is a software program that helps people how are hard of seeing, are visually impaired or can’t read as well to be able to understand what is written. A screen reader will read off the text out load through the speaker. There is also the ability to change the voice of the reader so that they can be more clearly understood. Examples of this type of software are ClaroRead Pro.

Adjustable Fonts are when website give the users the ability to change the size, font, face or even the family based upon the preference or needs of the user. These are mainly implemented on websites that have a lot of text on it so that people are actually able to read what has been written down on the websites.

Disability Discrimination Act is a law preventing people from rejecting people from job applications based upon their disabilities such as banning a blind person from getting a job interview, not allowing a guide dog into the building, failing to make changes so that the disabled person can work and harassing or victimising them within the work place.

W3C Validation (Short for World Wide Web Consortium Validation) are rules that must be followed when creating a website. The W3C is checking the coding and if you’re using elements of coding correctly. This could be placing HTML elements in the wrong place or it is missing from the code. If these rules are disobeyed then you will be given a detailed report about the coding errors that have been made.

Copyright and Intellectual Property Rights are made to help companies or artists protect their works of art. An intellectual property is a character, series, song or name that is protected by copyright so that anyone who uses it without the rights holders consent or paying royalties to the rights holder. If neither of these is done then the rights holder can sue the person who used their intellectual property because they broke copyright law. An intellectual property will become free to use by anyone after the original creator has died and fifty years have passed.

Functionality

A Shopping Cart on a website is used to allow someone to register multiple orders when ordering from an online website. Users are also able to reserve an order by ordering it online and going into one of their stores to pick it up, this is used when the person is busy and isn't at home where deliveries are made.

Managing User Profiles is when someone wishes to change the information that has been placed on their profile. This is done by the person who owns the profile. On profiles like Facebook the information that can be changed are pictures, the age of the user, which country lives in and even the user’s birthday. This is also used on websites where people can sell things to other such as eBay where this information is important since it will tell others whether or not they need to pay more for shipping.

Web Contents Management is when an employee is payed to examine a website works properly after it is created and put up online. An example being checking if things like images and videos load properly, if the website is formatted correctly so that they are easy to read. After they find a problem with the website then they can fix the problems with the website. They can also write on the website to improve or add new information that was not available when the website was originally created. They also send out emails, newsletters, promotions and online campaigns.

Uploading files are when someone can upload a file to a website to help improve it. These files are mainly images, gifs and video files which can be used to improve the visual side of a website. This is mostly done by someone who works on the website, however, social media sites or websites that allow someone who has created an account may upload files, such as a profile picture.

Server Side refers to the actions that take place on the web server. The coding that is done server side is separate from anything that is done Client Side or the side that is seen when visiting the web site from outside of the web server.

Active Server Pages (ASP) is a simplified version of server side scripting. Someone who usually has access to the Client Side can request the web page from the Server Side and the Server sends the file to the Client Side. When Active Server Pages, the server is allowed the chance to alter the file before it is sent to the Client. ASP.NET is an app that is given by Microsoft. This allows you to create web-based apps using any .NET coding languages such as C#, VB.NET and J#.

PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is an HTML coding language. The difference between something like JavaScript and PHP is that JavaScript is executed on the server and generates HTML which is sent to the Client Side.

Security

User Accounts are for users to sign into so that they can play on or edit things using their account. To be able to log in to your user account you have put in your username and password. If you have forgotten either one of those then you are able to reset your password by having the website send a link to your email address or mobile phone which allows you to reset your password, alternatively they might give you a temporary password to use which you are able to change after you login. Examples of this include all social media websites like Facebook and Twitter or other websites like YouTube.

Terms of Usage are the terms that a site can oppose all of their users who have an account. If these rules are disobeyed then there might be legal issues. These rules can include multiple different laws such as explaining that the website is not liable if you are hacked, the misuse that you might do and the privacy policy.

Account restrictions are used primarily for a service that has an age rating system like a video game console or an online service like Netflix. This mainly used to make sure that younger children are unable to view content that would be too mature for them.

Procedures for granting and removing access are when someone with more power on a website, like a creator or someone who has administration privilege, they can grant users the ability to edit web pages or even change a person's access, they can also remove a person's access by removing their ability to edit the website or even ban them from the site entirety. The procedures for doing this is based on their dedication to the website and their attitude towards others on the website.